{
  "schemaVersion": 1,
  "accessedDate": "2026-10-05",
  "relationships": [
    {
      "id": "set-includes-an-loi",
      "from": "vietnam-makers-set",
      "to": "an-loi",
      "label": "includes",
      "layer": "supply-chain",
      "confidence": "Reported by press",
      "evidence": "Reuters identified An Loi Apparel as one of the three Vietnamese makers covered by its reporting.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Reuters syndicated report, Sep. 25, 2026",
          "url": "https://www.devdiscourse.com/article/international/3982183-exclusive-how-firms-linked-to-sanctioned-chinese-cotton-giant-sell-clothes-to-us",
          "accessed": "2026-10-05"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "set-includes-binh-duong",
      "from": "vietnam-makers-set",
      "to": "tessellation-binh-duong",
      "label": "includes",
      "layer": "supply-chain",
      "confidence": "Reported by press",
      "evidence": "Reuters identified Tessellation Binh Duong as one of the three Vietnamese makers covered by its reporting.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Reuters syndicated report, Sep. 25, 2026",
          "url": "https://www.devdiscourse.com/article/international/3982183-exclusive-how-firms-linked-to-sanctioned-chinese-cotton-giant-sell-clothes-to-us",
          "accessed": "2026-10-05"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "set-includes-hoa-binh",
      "from": "vietnam-makers-set",
      "to": "tessellation-hoa-binh",
      "label": "includes",
      "layer": "supply-chain",
      "confidence": "Reported by press",
      "evidence": "Reuters identified Tessellation Hoa Binh as one of the three Vietnamese makers covered by its reporting.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Reuters syndicated report, Sep. 25, 2026",
          "url": "https://www.devdiscourse.com/article/international/3982183-exclusive-how-firms-linked-to-sanctioned-chinese-cotton-giant-sell-clothes-to-us",
          "accessed": "2026-10-05"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "makers-to-us-retail",
      "from": "vietnam-makers-set",
      "to": "muji-usa",
      "label": "apparel sourcing reported",
      "layer": "supply-chain",
      "confidence": "Reported by press",
      "evidence": "Reuters reported that Muji USA sourced apparel from at least one of the three makers. The specific maker-to-buyer pairing is not established in this map.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Reuters syndicated report, Sep. 25, 2026",
          "url": "https://www.devdiscourse.com/article/international/3982183-exclusive-how-firms-linked-to-sanctioned-chinese-cotton-giant-sell-clothes-to-us",
          "accessed": "2026-10-05"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "makers-to-rodd-gunn",
      "from": "vietnam-makers-set",
      "to": "rodd-gunn",
      "label": "apparel sourcing reported",
      "layer": "supply-chain",
      "confidence": "Reported by press",
      "evidence": "Reuters reported that Rodd & Gunn sourced apparel from two of the three makers. The specific maker-to-buyer pairing is not established in this map.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Reuters syndicated report, Sep. 25, 2026",
          "url": "https://www.devdiscourse.com/article/international/3982183-exclusive-how-firms-linked-to-sanctioned-chinese-cotton-giant-sell-clothes-to-us",
          "accessed": "2026-10-05"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "esquel-cotton-exports-vietnam",
      "from": "esquel-group",
      "to": "vietnam-makers-set",
      "label": "cotton exports reported",
      "layer": "supply-chain",
      "confidence": "Reported by press",
      "evidence": "Reuters cited customs data showing Esquel exported about $34 million of cotton from China between November 2024 and June 2026, with about 70% going to the three makers. The makers also sourced from other entities, and this is not a trace of cotton in any U.S.-bound garment.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Reuters syndicated report, Sep. 25, 2026",
          "url": "https://www.devdiscourse.com/article/international/3982183-exclusive-how-firms-linked-to-sanctioned-chinese-cotton-giant-sell-clothes-to-us",
          "accessed": "2026-10-05"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "xinjiang-cotton-source",
      "from": "esquel-group",
      "to": "xinjiang-cotton",
      "label": "DHS said group sourced cotton from Xinjiang",
      "layer": "supply-chain",
      "confidence": "Confirmed by government record",
      "evidence": "DHS said it had reasonable cause to believe Esquel Group sourced cotton from Xinjiang. This does not link a specific fiber lot to Vietnam or to a U.S. product.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "DHS UFLPA Entity List announcement, Oct. 31, 2024",
          "url": "https://www.dhs.gov/news/2024/10/31/dhs-places-additional-prc-based-textile-companies-uflpa-entity-list",
          "accessed": "2026-10-05"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "turpan-cotton-yarn",
      "from": "turpan-esquel",
      "to": "xinjiang-cotton",
      "label": "produces / sells cotton and yarn",
      "layer": "supply-chain",
      "confidence": "Confirmed by government record",
      "evidence": "DHS described Turpan Esquel as producing and selling cotton and cotton yarn and stated it sourced cotton from Xinjiang.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "DHS UFLPA Entity List announcement, Oct. 31, 2024",
          "url": "https://www.dhs.gov/news/2024/10/31/dhs-places-additional-prc-based-textile-companies-uflpa-entity-list",
          "accessed": "2026-10-05"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "changji-entity-list",
      "from": "changji-esquel",
      "to": "xinjiang-cotton",
      "label": "cotton-yarn mill context",
      "layer": "supply-chain",
      "confidence": "Confirmed by government record",
      "evidence": "DHS described Changji Esquel as producing and selling cotton yarn in Xinjiang. This link describes the mill's role, not a verified supply path to Vietnam or the United States.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "DHS UFLPA Entity List announcement, Oct. 31, 2024",
          "url": "https://www.dhs.gov/news/2024/10/31/dhs-places-additional-prc-based-textile-companies-uflpa-entity-list",
          "accessed": "2026-10-05"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "offshore-ownership-an-loi",
      "from": "offshore-holdings",
      "to": "an-loi",
      "label": "reported ownership",
      "layer": "ownership",
      "confidence": "Reported by press",
      "evidence": "Reuters reported common ownership of the three makers by the same three offshore firms before and after renaming. The firms' identities and primary registry records are not included in this scaffold.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Reuters syndicated report, Sep. 25, 2026",
          "url": "https://www.devdiscourse.com/article/international/3982183-exclusive-how-firms-linked-to-sanctioned-chinese-cotton-giant-sell-clothes-to-us",
          "accessed": "2026-10-05"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "offshore-ownership-binh-duong",
      "from": "offshore-holdings",
      "to": "tessellation-binh-duong",
      "label": "reported ownership",
      "layer": "ownership",
      "confidence": "Reported by press",
      "evidence": "Reuters reported common ownership of the three makers by the same three offshore firms before and after renaming. The firms' identities and primary registry records are not included in this scaffold.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Reuters syndicated report, Sep. 25, 2026",
          "url": "https://www.devdiscourse.com/article/international/3982183-exclusive-how-firms-linked-to-sanctioned-chinese-cotton-giant-sell-clothes-to-us",
          "accessed": "2026-10-05"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "offshore-ownership-hoa-binh",
      "from": "offshore-holdings",
      "to": "tessellation-hoa-binh",
      "label": "reported ownership",
      "layer": "ownership",
      "confidence": "Reported by press",
      "evidence": "Reuters reported common ownership of the three makers by the same three offshore firms before and after renaming. The firms' identities and primary registry records are not included in this scaffold.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Reuters syndicated report, Sep. 25, 2026",
          "url": "https://www.devdiscourse.com/article/international/3982183-exclusive-how-firms-linked-to-sanctioned-chinese-cotton-giant-sell-clothes-to-us",
          "accessed": "2026-10-05"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "esquel-spinoff-tessellation",
      "from": "esquel-group",
      "to": "tessellation-group",
      "label": "consumer / tech operations spun off (2022)",
      "layer": "ownership",
      "confidence": "Reported by press",
      "evidence": "Reuters reported a 2022 spin-off of Esquel's consumer brands and technology operations into Tessellation Group. This dashed corporate-context line is not evidence that Tessellation Group currently owns Esquel or the Vietnamese makers.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Reuters syndicated report, Sep. 25, 2026",
          "url": "https://www.devdiscourse.com/article/international/3982183-exclusive-how-firms-linked-to-sanctioned-chinese-cotton-giant-sell-clothes-to-us",
          "accessed": "2026-10-05"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}